Graduate students in the field of quantum computing are among those to receive Graduate Research Fellowship Program (GRFP) awards this year.Credit: gorodenkoff/Getty
In an unexpected turnaround, the US National Science Foundation (NSF) on Sunday handed out a record 2,599 of its prestigious graduate fellowships to young researchers — after briefly slashing the number to a low of just 1,000 last year.
The rebound “is a significant boost for early-career researchers and the future of US science”, says Joshua Weitz, a biologist at the University of Maryland in College Park.
Massive budget cuts for US science proposed again by Trump administration
The surprise increase comes at a time when many in the US science community have been worrying about the fate of the NSF, a major funder of basic science, and its Graduate Research Fellowship Program (GRFP). Last year, and again this year, the administration of US President Donald Trump called to cut the NSF’s budget by more than half.
The GRFP seemed to be in further trouble when the call for the programme’s 2026 applications went out more than two months late, and the eligibility criteria for the fellowships changed. As of this year, undergraduates and first-year master’s and PhD students can apply — but second-year graduate students, as had been the norm for decades, cannot. Between January and April, at least 65 applications were also ‘returned without review’ (sent back to applicants without a score), according to data shared with Nature by Grant Witness, a watchdog project that tracks changes to research funding. This has sparked concerns that the type of science that NSF would fund had also changed.
But some of these worries have been allayed with the announcement of a record-breaking number of GRFP awardees this year.
Brian Stone, who is standing in as NSF director until a permanent one is confirmed, said in a statement that the continuation of the programme reflects the Trump administration’s “strong focus on building talent and investing in individual researchers”. He added: “I’m excited to see how these emerging STEM [science, technology, engineering and mathematics] leaders will shape the future.”
The agency did not respond to Nature’s queries about changes to the programme or applications returned without review. On its website, the NSF states that “the number of applications returned without review this year has not changed substantially since last year”.
Award winners
Almost 14,000 young researchers applied for a 2026 GRFP award, submitting a research plan and personal statement that were reviewed by an independent panel of researchers. Typically, only about one in every six applicants receive one of the prestigious fellowships.
NSF slashes prestigious PhD fellowship awards by half
In addition to covering tuition, the fellowships come with an annual stipend of US$37,000 for three years. Since 1952, when the GRFP began, it has supported more than 70,000 researchers, and at least 40 of those have gone on to receive Nobel prizes.
