Watsu Therapy: What Is It and Benefits

Each morning at breakfast, my friend and I would look through our schedules and plan out our day. Marked for 1 p.m. on Monday, there was an option for Watsu water therapy—something I’d never even heard of before. I decided to sign up.

During the session, I watched a few others go before me, flowing in the water like graceful, fearless mermaids. Some of them opted to be submerged underwater by the instructor, which led to my big question and worry, what if I run out of air?

I carried this sentiment into my own session, but quickly learned that once I let go and gave in to the process, I could’ve gone five minutes without a breath. Following the session, my body felt better than any massage I’ve ever had, and I was incredibly emotional—to the point I felt like bursting into tears.

My experience got me thinking about how and why this happened and if it was just some sort of coincidence I felt as good as I did. Here’s what two top experts have to say.

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What is Watsu therapy and how does it work?

Watsu is a form of aquatic bodywork that combines the principles of warm water immersion with elements of Zen Shiatsu massage, a deep and relaxing acupressure massage. Watsu was developed in the 1980s by Harold Dull, a Zen Shiatsu teacher from Harbin Springs, California, who started by experimenting with the benefits of his massage techniques with the warm springs water.

“Watsu is a rhythmic series of bodywork, stretches, joint unwinding, and movements done in warm water, resulting in multi-level therapeutic benefits,” says Antoine Ratliff, a certified Watsu practitioner at Sanctuary Spa in Scottsdale, Arizona. “Specific movements through the water allow muscles to unwind and relax in a different way than that of a traditional massage.”

A key factor is the water is consistently set at approximately 95 degrees Fahrenheit because that’s the average person’s body temperature.

“Your brain determines and identifies the difference between the internal body and external environment temperatures,” Ratliff explains. “When your body is in a warm body of water, you lose the sense of separation of yourself and the external environment, which creates a sense of deep relaxation and freedom from the body and mind.”

My session incorporated a mix of Watsu and WaterDance therapies, with the difference being Watsu is on top of the water while the latter involves submersion.

“Watsu is a surface-only modality that emphasizes stretching and acupressure similar to Shiatsu,” explains Ben Coolik, a certified Watsu and WaterDance practitioner at Rancho La Puerta. “Other modalities like WaterDance have components that involve submerging the client, allowing nearly limitless possibilities for exploring freedom of movement.”

“When your body is in a warm body of water, you lose the sense of separation of yourself and the external environment, which creates a sense of deep relaxation and freedom from the body and mind.” —Antoine Ratliff, certified Watsu practitioner

The benefits of Watsu therapy that’ll convince you to give it a try

Never have I ever had any sort of therapeutic massage or therapy where I was able to feel such a shift physically, mentally, and emotionally.

“Physically, water flow therapies can help relieve stiffness and reduce pain associated with tight and sore muscles, can increase joint mobility, and is effective for reducing chronic tension held in the body,” Coolik says. “Mentally, it tends to be quite calming as it activates the parasympathetic nervous system, which can relieve stress and anxiety. Emotionally, there’s evidence that trauma held in the body can be released in a session.” (Coolik is talking about this small 2016 study¹ in which 15 veterans with PTSD found immense relief through water therapy.)

My Watsu therapy experience

Going into my session, I opted for submersion—but before anything, I had a chat with my instructor about my ailments and how I was doing emotionally. Truth be told, I had joint pain in my hips and neck, and my anxiety had been playing up a lot.

Submersion began about 10 minutes after pure Watsu. Typical sessions last anywhere between 50 to 90 minutes—Ratliff explains that it takes about 20 minutes into the session for the benefits to really kick in. When I started, I was a little stiff and involuntarily tense when being pulled certain ways, but a few minutes in, my body began to trust the process and knew where it needed to go and do.

Floats were also attached around my legs, and I was given a nose plug for when we went under. Once I started loosening up and got out of my head, I felt transported to this alternate universe that was like a safe womb.

“It’s common for someone to have a great night’s sleep after a session, and that positive effect on the nervous system can last for a while,” Coolik says. “Some clients make the association with experiences they’ve had with psychedelic therapy and have gone so far as to describe a session as life-changing.”

For me, my body felt so relaxed and nimble, yet my brain felt so emotionally drained and upset. The biggest mistake I made was not sitting with these feelings; rather, I rushed off to a lecture I was already late for. This meant I remained on edge and anxious the remainder of the day because it felt like all these emotions had bubbled up to the surface but I was just trying to push them down.

To be honest, I was going through a lot in my personal life at the time, and prior to the session, I hadn’t dealt with any of it. What I wish I’d done and my advice to others: Spend the next little after your Watsu session doing something mindful, like journaling, stretching, crafting—anything that’ll help you recenter and ground yourself, because things will come up.

The following week, I had a session with my therapist, and I do credit the water therapy for enabling me to open up about everything much more freely and honestly than I had before. It definitely made a difference in how I approached my feelings, and it was a type of freeing I hadn’t experienced before.

Is water therapy for everyone?

Most people can find benefits from water therapy. As someone who struggles with flexibility and can find traditional massages someone painful, I found this to be a great alternative. Other groups of people who are great candidates for water therapy include those who have sports injuries, those who are pregnant, and those who have experienced trauma and PTSD, according to Ratliff.

While the benefits are extensive, there are a few people who shouldn’t partake. Those who don’t like being touched by others and/or have aquaphobia (fear of water) may not enjoy the experience. Ratliff also says those who’ve recently had surgery (especially spinal), should stay away until they get clearance from their doctor.

Once I started loosening up and got out of my head, I felt transported to this alternate universe that was like a safe womb.

How to find a water therapy practitioner

When looking for a water therapy practitioner, it’s important to ensure they’re certified in at least one water modality.

“Most Water Flow Therapy certification programs require that practitioners have studied anatomy, physiology, ethics, and even land-based massage techniques in addition to the water curriculum,” Coolik says.

A quick Google search will bring up instructors in your area, and if you’re looking specifically for Watsu, you can also go onto their website, which lists their global registry.

And although the benefits seem endless and overwhelmingly positive, accessibility is still an issue.

“Watsu therapies require a heated, appropriately sized private pool and certified practitioners,” explains Ratliff, one of the few practitioners in Scottsdale.

Coolik adds Watsu is also not typically covered by insurance—but he advises potential clients to check their policy and speak to their doctor to see if it can be covered. Prices for water therapy typically fall between $80 to $150 per hour.