Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
M. Ramsay, F. Tluway, S. Hazelhurst, D. Sengupta, N. Smyth & A. Choudhury
Steve Biko Centre for Bioethics, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
H. Etheredge
Forensic DNA Lab, Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
M. E. D’Amato & M. Kasu
African Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Harare, Zimbabwe
Z. Chikwambi, U. Khumalo & C. Masimirembwa
Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics (LR16IPT05), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
Y. Hamdi, M. Boujemaa & C. Charfeddine
Genetic Engineering Department, Libyan Biotechnology Research Center, Tripoli, Libya
I. Alhudiri, M. Eljilani, A. Elzagheid, M. Jallul, A. Mustafa & A. Shebani
University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
Y. Fakim, G. Chinien, A. Ghoorah & S. Goorah
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sebha University, Sebha, Libya
K. M. Ahmad
Department of Genetics, Hôpital Charles Nicolle de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
N. Belguith
Laboratory of Molecular Human Genetics (LR99ES33), Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
N. Belguith
Illumina Centre, Cambridge, UK
D. Bentley & Z. Kingsbury
Department of Chemistry, Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Medical School, Agostinho Neto University, Luanda, Angola
N. Calumbuana, N. Ferraz & M. M. Chimpolo
i3S Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
N. Calumbuana & L. Pereira
Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Biomathematics and Biostatistics (LR 16 IPT 09), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
M. Chaouch
Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, BiotechPole of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Ariana, Tunisia
C. Charfeddine
Department of Pediatrics-Clinical Genetics, Rwanda Military Referral and Teaching Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda
N. Dukuze & L. Mutesa
Center for Human Genetics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
N. Dukuze, C. Muhinda, J. Ndinkabandi & L. Mutesa
Medical School, Katyavala Bwila University, Benguela, Angola
N. Ferraz & M. M. Chimpolo
Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, Brazil
N. Ferraz & I. Lopes-Cendes
Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
M. Gribaa
Department of Genetics, Farhat HACHED University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
M. Gribaa
Department of Human Genetics, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
S. Guidara
Laboratory of Eukaryotes Molecular Biotechnology (LR15CBS02), Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
S. Guidara
Department of Medical Genetics, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
M. Guirat
Laboratory of Screening Cellular and Molecular Processes (LR15CBS07), Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
M. Guirat
School of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
S. Hazelhurst
Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Process (LR15CBS07), Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
N. Kharrat, A. Souissi & A. Rebai
African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
I. Kisiangani & S. F. Mohamed
The Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas, Brazil
I. Lopes-Cendes
Center for Human Genetics, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
P. Lukusa, P. Makay, G. Mubungu, M. Ngole & A. Lumaka
Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals of Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
P. Lukusa & P. Makay
Nephrology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
J. Makulo & Y. Nlandu
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Rwanda Military Referral and Teaching Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda
C. Muhinda
Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences Research, Kabii University, Bungoma, Kenya
D. M. Mukhongo
Biological and Agricultural Sciences Department, Alupe University, Busia, Kenya
D. M. Mukhongo
School of Business, Leadership and Governance, Africa University, Mutare, Zimbabwe
A. Murwira
Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
M. Ngole
Tsholotsho District Hospital, Tsholotsho, Zimbabwe
M. Nyathi
Ipatimup Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
L. Pereira
Department of Genetics, Mongi Slim Hospital, La Marsa, Tunisia
I. Rejeb
Laboratory “Santé Mère Enfant” (LR22SP01), Tunis, Tunisia
I. Rejeb
Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/CI-IPOP@RISE (Health Research Network), Porto, Portugal
L. L. Santos
Surgical Oncology Department, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC Raquel Seruca), Porto, Portugal
L. L. Santos
Department of Genetics, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
M. Trabelsi
Human Genetics Laboratory (LR99ES10), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
M. Trabelsi
Computational Biology Division, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
N. Mulder
Childhood Complex Disease Genomics Section, Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
N. A. Hanchard
The study was conceived and planned by A.C. and N.A.H. as chairs of the H3Africa Data Analysis Working Group who made initial contacts to bring partners on board. M.R. contributed to refining the strategy, securing funding, negotiating agreements, consolidating partnerships and shepherding this publication. H.E. initiated the ethics and governance processes and worked with F.T. to engage with each participating group. F.T. provided overall oversight, arranged meetings and managed the legal processes. N.S. was responsible for sample quality assessments and shipping, including permits. The partner principal investigators are I.A. (Libya), Y.H. (Tunisia), L.M. (Rwanda), I.K. (Kenya), M.E.D. (Kenya), A.L. (DRC), M.C. (Angola), C. Masimirembwa (Zimbabwe) and Y.F. (Mauritius), who led the collection of samples and prioritization of existing samples for this study, community engagement, and obtaining ethics approvals at the site level. The following were writing group members for this paper: M.R., H.E., F.T., M.E.D., Z.C., Y.H., Y.F. and I.A.; and A.C. and N.A.H. reviewed several drafts. Figures were generated by M.E.D. and Z.C. The additional co-authors were involved from the individual study sites and had the opportunity to critically review the paper, and each accepts accountability for the accuracy and integrity of their involvement in the paper, these are: N.B., D.B., M.B., N.C., M.C., C.C., G.C., N.D., M.E., N.F., A.G., M. Gribaa, M. Guitarat, S. Goorah, S. Guidara, S.H., M.J., C. Muhinda, G.M., A. Murwira, A. Mustafa, J.N., M. Ngole, M. Nyathi, Y.N., S.F.M., L.P., I.R., L.L.S., D.S., A. Shebani, A. Souissi, M.T., A.R. and N.M. All co-authors read and approved the paper.
