Ancient shackles testify to brutality of Egypt’s gold mines

After Alexander the Great conquered Egypt in 332 BC, a gold rush swept the kingdom, during which nearly 40 mines were operating. Bérangère Redon at the HiSoMA Laboratory in Lyon, France, reports an excavation of Ghozza, a village near one of those mines in Egypt’s Eastern Desert¹.

doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-025-00878-7

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